VERNACULAR SCHOOLS NOT CAUSING DISUNITY
Recently, Prof. Emeritus Tan Sri Khoo Kay Kim proposed a restructuring of the national education system, including the implementation of a single stream, to ensure attainment of the goals of 1 Malaysia. As often the case, vernacular schools and principally Chinese schools has been singled out as being the root cause for polarization and the lack of national unity. However, to fault vernacular schools for the cause for polarization and disunity is premised on multiple fallacies.
Many urge the government to follow in the footsteps of Singapore which has abolished vernacular schools. However, they conveniently forget that in Malaysia, vernacular education is a right guaranteed by constitution and by acts of parliaments. Vernacular education is part of the social contract. That right ought not to be questioned and the right to vernacular education is the right of the Non Malays and cannot be compromised. Thus, to call for abolishment or single stream is nothing but being seditious.
Recently, Prof. Emeritus Tan Sri Khoo Kay Kim proposed a restructuring of the national education system, including the implementation of a single stream, to ensure attainment of the goals of 1 Malaysia. As often the case, vernacular schools and principally Chinese schools has been singled out as being the root cause for polarization and the lack of national unity. However, to fault vernacular schools for the cause for polarization and disunity is premised on multiple fallacies.
Many urge the government to follow in the footsteps of Singapore which has abolished vernacular schools. However, they conveniently forget that in Malaysia, vernacular education is a right guaranteed by constitution and by acts of parliaments. Vernacular education is part of the social contract. That right ought not to be questioned and the right to vernacular education is the right of the Non Malays and cannot be compromised. Thus, to call for abolishment or single stream is nothing but being seditious.
Those who continuously fault the vernacular schools ought to be reminded that it is the desire and wish of every parent to see their children mix, study and play with children of other races. After all, the parents themselves were often the products of national schools where students of different races and religions studied, played and interacted together and forged friendship which extended long after they left school.What those calling for single stream education and proponents for abolishing vernacular schools, fail to admit is that vernacular schools in the past were not necessarily the schools of first choice of Non Malays. Non Malay parents sent their children to English medium schools simply because education was in English, The schools had good teachers and English medium schools provided school leavers better career opportunities. In fact Chinese schools such as Han Chiang High School in Penang were on the verge of closing down because of falling attendance and in the 70’s had to depend on students from Indonesia and Thailand to survive. Now the reverse has happened.According to statistics, Chinese parents who sent their children to national schools have fallen from around 50 % in the 1970’s to about 6% in 2006. The NST November 19, 2008 reported that 9 out of 10 Chinese send their children to Chinese schools. Today, there are approximately 630,000 students studying in 1288 Chinese primary schools. Those blaming vernacular schools and particularly Chinese schools ought to know that there are almost 60,000 Non Chinese students studying in Chinese schools and a substantial proportion of the students are Malays.
Even, more alarming is that, Tamil parents and particularly Tamil professional who were educated in national schools are now beating a path to Tamil schools. Today, approximately 100,142 students study in 523 Tamil schools, despite the fact that many Tamil schools lack the facilities national schools or Chinese schools have.
With Chinese and Indian parents abandoning national schools for vernacular schools, the national schools not by choice, have taken on the image of “sekolah Melayu”. Those advocating single stream never bother to ask why have Non-Malays abandoned national schools and they are no more the school of first choice.
Rightfully those advocating single stream education or proposing closure of vernacular schools ought to ask the parents of the 60,000 Non Malay students ( a substantial proportion being Malays) studying in Chinese schools, why did they as Malays abandon national schools which have better facilities, teachers and students of same race and religion and instead choose to send their children to Chinese schools where their children are a minority, and be exposed to Chinese culture, Chinese religious believes or having to eat in the school canteen which is more likely to serve food which may not be halal. Malay parents seeing the benefits of Chinese education who are also abandoning national schools for Chinese schools. If Chinese schools are indeed the root cause of disunity then questions must be asked why Malay are beginning to see Chinese schools as schools of first choice.
Instead, they repeat the decade old polemics blaming vernacular schools for causing racial polarization and disunity. Further, they also conveniently choose to ignore that there are also schools which are exclusively for a single race, religious schools of a particular religion, universities catering to a single race and universities with religious orientation of a single religion. Are not the existence of these schools and universities not equally divisive? What logical justification is there to call for single stream education in primary schools and then allow divisive secondary and tertiary education.
Malaysia is unique with its multiracial, multicultural and multi religious population. The role of a school is not only to create a learning atmosphere. In Malaysia schools have an added responsibility in that it ought to be a place where students are taught to value and celebrate diversity. Students should be taught to acknowledge and respect each other’s culture, language and religion and to be imbibed with a sense that each other’s cultural, language and religious diversities are part and parcel of our national heritage and that this uniqueness should be treasured and protected by all. Schools must inculcate multiracialism, multiculturalism and multireligionism. The question is whether the national schools are doing this. The character of national schools have changed and have become overtly and overwhelmingly Malay-Muslim. Malay-Muslim centred actions and policies have caused the exodus of Non Malays from national schools.School administrators and the principals in some national schools have turned the school and the school’s culture’s dominantly Malay-Muslim centred. While great effort is taken to continuously remind the Non Malay students about respecting Malay cultural mores and religious sensitivities, the same is not done when it comes to Non Malays cultural and religious sensitivities and even worst they are blatantly indifferent to the sensitivities of the Non Malays. Here is a letter which appeared in Malaysia-Today news portal where a parent wrote:-“In my children’s SK school, the Hari Raya holidays are stretched to well over a week to accommodate the Malays. Replacement classes are planned months ahead and notification letters are sent out very early. However, when it comes to Chinese New Year, not a single extra day is given-not even for the kids who have to travel to make it to their home town. Mind you, Malays make up roughly 50% of the student population.”
Razak Baginda who was then the Executive Director of Malaysian Strategic Research Centre is quoted in the International Herald Tribune June 7, 2005 as saying that his “dauughter complained that the religious teachers are the culprits, They inculcate very negative views of the other religions. They are always have them and us attitude that is very destructive.”This is merely one example. Many Non Malay parents also complain that while the school has religious and religious activities for Muslims students, it is near impossibility to have the same for Non Malay-Non Muslim students. In some school classes are segregated according to race and religion but giving time-table convenience as an excuse. Some schools even forbid their students from wearing shorts for physical education.
Thus, it was not a surprise when in 2002, the then Prime Minister, Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamed without mincing his words said that national schools system has been hijacked by obscurantist interested in Islamic practices that emphasise form over substance.
Add to the changing landscape of national schools, is a perception problem. Many parents lament that that the standard of teaching in national schools has deteriorated. A lecturer at the Teacher’s Training College in Johor Bahru once lamented about the quality of the trainee teachers. According to him, many of these trainee teachers hardly have a passion for teaching and that teachers training college was their last choice after having failed to secure a place in the universities or other colleges.
Thus, the attraction to teaching is simply its perks - half day session, five day week and the long term breaks and more importantly job security. Many have the perception that in national school, many of the teachers seem to be disinterested and unmotivated and instead some are more interested in molding the children for the hereafter.Rightly or wrongly many believe that vernacular schools and particularly Chinese schools have dedicated teachers with a reputation for quality, rigour and working their students hard. Could this be the reason why more than 60,000 Non Chinese students now study in Chinese schools ?
I believe the exodus in such droves from national schools to vernacular schools would not have happened had the government been far sighted and been quick to arrest the problem. Why did the government wait until almost 90% Non Malay students abandon national schools before recognizing that there was a problem Surely the government ought to have known about overzealous school administrators with their own agenda and about teachers who permeates ill feelings and racism. The government must have known about the gradual malay-nisation of schools. There have been cases of Non Malay students who were racially abused to the extent of being called monkeys. Such teachers rightfully out to have been dismissed forthwith and criminal action initiated. Instead they were sent for counseling.
Prime Minister Dato Seri Najib Tun Abdul Razak has rightly pointed out that any move to a single stream education would require a big paradigm shift and it will only change if the people are ready to make a change and if the society is not ready, the government will carry on with the existing system.
That paradigm shift, I believe must come from the government. If only the government can walk the talk of 1 Malaysia, take the necessary steps to overhaul the standard of national schools, enhance the quality and standard of teaching, ensure that schools are free from zealots and racist, employ teachers and administrators who truly subscribe to multiculturalism and multi-religionism, make the teaching of vernacular education mandatory and recreate the atmosphere of yesteryears (ie pre- Merdeka), it is possible that national schools could regain its past glory and its rightful place in Malaysian education.
Norman Fernandez, was a 1 Malaysia student of La Salle, Sentul.
